Abstract

Phytochemical screening and in vitro Antibacterial activity of an endemic plant of Morocco; Artimesia ifranensis J. Didier essential oil against bacterial strains Agrobacterium vitis and Erwinia amylovora

Author(s): Hanane Elazzouzi, Nadia Zekri, José Guirao Barnés, El HassanAchbani, Touriya Zair and Mohamed Alaoui El Belghiti

The essential oil of Artemisia ifranensis J. Didier (Asteraceae), collected in April (2012) from Timahdite (Moroccan Middle-Atlas), was obtained by hydrodistillation. Moreover, a phytochemical screening of plant leaves was carried out through precipitation and/or colored reactions. Agrobacterium vitis and Erwinia amylovora, is among the telluric bacteria most aggressive, causing damage in cultures. With the aim of searching other alternatives of the fight against these bacteria, we study in this work the antibacterial activity power of Artemisia ifranensis J.D. essential oil against pathogens germs isolated from INRA Meknes, Morocco. Disc-diffusion method in solid medium and macrodilution method in liquid medium were respectively used to determine inhibition diameters and the antibacterial parameters to knowing, minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC). Essential oil yield was 0.58% (ml/100g) in April period. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, sterols/triterpenes, and mucilages. Thus, antibacterial activity reveal that A. ifranensis J.D. essential oil has a remarkable efficiency on both strains tested. This one develops the inhibition zones of 17±0.08mm and 13±0.08mm respectively against A. vitis and E. amylovora. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) expressed by the essential oil is 1/2500v/v and 1/250v/v respectively on the both strains tested. These last have the same degree bactericidal at a higher concentration MBC>1/50v/v. These results, although preliminary, show a good antibacterial activity, to limit and even to stop the development of the pathogen.

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