This study was performed to evaluate the beneficial role of myrtle plant as a natural product on the regeneration of endothelial cell dysfunction and the activity of lipoxegenases in diabetic- ovariectomized rats. Fifty female rats were divided into 5 groups, with 10 rats in the sham group, and 20 for each of ovariectomized (ovx) and ovariectomized diabetic groups (10 rats before and 10 rats after treatment with myrtle). Blood glucose, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL-cholesterol), low density lipoprotein (LDL-cholesterol), triglycerides, plasma insulin, estrogen, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF - α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX),15-lipoxygenase (15- LOX) and plasma level of lipoxin A4 (LXA-4) were estimated. Our results revealed that blood glucose level as well as triglycerides and cholesterol were significantly decreased in the treated groups with myrtle extract in the ovx and ovx diabetic groups. Also ovx and ovx diabetic groups showed progressive decrease in HDL level which improved after treatment with myrtle extract in ovx diabetic group. Significant increase in the activity of 5-LOX, tumor TNFα and the IL-1β in ovx and ovx diabetic groups, which decreased after treatment with myrtle. There were increase in the level of LA4 and 15 LOX after administration of myrtle in both ovx and ovx diabetic rats. We concluded that myrtle extract can alleviate the endothelial dysfunction and have the ability to reduce significantly the activity of 5- lipoxygenase during menopause or even in menopause associated with diabetes
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