Abstract

Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Gongronema Latifolium Prevents Depletion of Nitric Oxide and Anti-Oxidants Levels in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats.

Author(s): Gabriel O Ujong*, Justin A Beshel, Idara Asuquo Okon and Daniel D Owu

Lipid peroxidation is a major disorder that disrupts cellular integrity, resulting in many pathological conditions. This work was designed to evaluate the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Gongronema latifolium (GL) on nitric oxide, anti-oxidants (SOD, total anti-oxidant capacity) and lipid peroxidation product (MDA) in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. 40 Wistar rats of both sexes (150g-200g) were divided into 5 groups (n=8). Group 1 (control) received 1mL normal saline orally. Group 2 (GL) received 200 mg/kg b.wt. Of GL orally. Group 3 (DM) received 65mg/kg b.wt. of streptozotocin (STZ) i.p. for two days with an interval of one day in between. Group 4 (DM+GL) received 65mg/kg b.wt. Of STZ + 200 mg/kg GL o.p. Group 5 (DM + Insulin) received 65mg/kg bw of STZ insulin (s.c.). Animals with blood glucose above 200mg/dL were declared diabetic. The regiment lasted for 28days. The result of the study shows a significant (P<0.05) increase in the glucose level of the diabetic group compared to the control. Intervention with GL and insulin significantly reduced the glucose level towards normal. TAC, SOD and nitric oxide levels were significantly (p<0.01) decreased with a corresponding increase of MDA in the diabetic group. Treatment with GL and insulin significantly (p<0.01) reversed these changes by increasing the levels of TAC, SOD, NO and decreases MDA levels towards normal. In conclusion, Gongronema Latifolium as well as insulin possess anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant properties and protect the cell membrane against lipid peroxidation in diabetic model.

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